02022nas a2200217   4500008004100000022002000041245007000061210006700131260000800198300001300206490000700219520128400226653002801510653001501538653002201553653001801575653002001593653001401613100002301627856015401650       2021                        eng d  a17567505 (ISSN)00a"Conservation, Tradition and Popular Iconoclasm in North America"0 aConservation Tradition and Popular Iconoclasm in North America  cjan  a97–1150 v123 aThroughout North America, contentious debates and protests are occurring over the existence of historic monuments that represent racial hatred. As post-colonial countries, the United States and Canada, are only now grappling with managing historic statues, buildings, and landscapes associated with African American racism and cultural genocide among aboriginal people. The “negative heritage” embedded in these monuments was created by acts of tradition. In this context, tradition is a series of acts and rituals intended to embed cultural values on a place or an object. As North Americans acknowledge the injustice that was done to African Americans and aboriginal people, an iconoclastic movement is underway, resulting in the removal of monuments and buildings. This paper proposes that the role of tradition and iconography should be re-examined in conserving and managing North American built patrimony. Tradition, by its nature, is an intangible heritage and new traditions can transform people’s perceptions of historic monuments. Using the “Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red” installation at the Tower of London as a case study, this article will explore how using tradition can redefine a historic monument within the context of contemporary time and place.10ahistoric preservation 110aIconoclasm10aNegative Heritage10aprogressivism10aracial conflict10aTradition1 aKapp, Paul, Hardin  uhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089594817&doi=10.1080%2f17567505.2020.1810501&partnerID=40&md5=943c5ea6a494de11af772076d9769143