Cultural Heritage; Social Entrepreneurship; Social Entrepreneurship Orientation; Stakeholder Theory; Theory Of Change; UNESCO World Heritage Site;

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85139514658&doi=10.33168%2fLISS.2022.0302&partnerID=40&md5=374751b2de6e0ad2458e1bc0093ed746

10.33168/LISS.2022.0302

George Town was inscribed with the UNESCO World Heritage Site title on July 7, 2008. This listing has elevated Penang to the international status of multiculturalism. As time goes by, changes in social fabric are inevitable but it is believed that the listing has escalated the gentrification process and poses several threats to both the tangible and intangible cultural heritage. The objective of this study is to examine the activities of social entrepreneurship through formal and informal organizations with Social Entrepreneurship Orientation (SEO) in George Town UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS) alongside with the involvement of external stakeholders. This paper went on to discuss the process and concept of social entrepreneurship through the lenses of Theory of Change (ToC) and the Power-Interest level of the external stakeholders. This conceptual paper aims to better define and examine the role and process of social entrepreneurship with the integration of ToC and Stakeholder Theory (ST). Apart from that, the result of this future research may provide a framework that can be adopt by organizations to solve contemporary social and environmental issues and provide relevant indicators for policy-makers to enhance policies to encourage social entrepreneurship activities. Lastly, this research hopes to raise awareness among stakeholders, especially the younger generation on the importance of safeguarding the cultural heritage and to ensure the uniquity of our cultural heritage are preserve and successfully transmit to the future generations.