Alcohol Dehydrogenase; Animal Experiment; Animal Model; Animal Tissue; Article; Carcinogenesis; Concentration (parameter); Controlled Study; Cyclin D1; Cytochrome P450; Ethyl Carbamate; Fermented Beverage; Gene Identification; Glutathione Transferase A1; Glutathione Transferase A2; Glutathione Transferase A5; Glutathione Transferase P1; Liver Toxicity; Mechanism Research; Musalais; Nephrotoxicity; Nonhuman; P53 Signaling; Protein Analysis; Protein Metabolism; Protein P53; Rat; Regulatory Mechanism; Sequence Analysis; Toxicity Prediction; Toxicity Testing; Transcriptomics; Transcriptomics Sequencing; Upregulation; Urethan; Wnt Protein; Wnt Signaling;

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85102299444&doi=10.2147%2fOTT.S282125&partnerID=40&md5=f4eb9112e9b8faeaad9df18086038a3d

10.2147/OTT.S282125

Introduction: Musalais is a traditional fermented wine produced in southern Xinjiang (a province of China) and is protected as a form of national intangible cultural heritage. However, ethyl carbamate (EC), which is naturally produced during the fermentation pro-cess, has been shown to induce carcinogenesis and was classified as a group 2A carcinogen by The World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer. Methods: In this work, rats were treated with musalais containing EC at varying contents (0.1, 1, or 10 mg/kg). To evaluate the toxicity of EC in musalais, the liver and kidney of the rats were subjected to transcriptomics sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between treated and untreated rats were identified, and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis were performed on these genes to investigate the biological functions affected by EC in musalais. Results: The results demonstrated that high EC content in musalais is possibly involved in the regulation of cytochrome P450 metabolism, chemical carcinogenesis, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, Wnt signaling, and p53 signaling by targeting Mgst1, Gstp1, Gsta5, Gsta1, Adh1, Gsta2, and Ccnd1, thereby inducing cancer. Conclusion: The present work predicted the potential carcinogenic mechanism of high EC content in musalais, providing a reference for its safety evaluation.